|
Whereas before, war was characterized as a
civilized contest between aristocratic armies,
during the Warring States Period (475-221 B.C.),
war evolved into the chaotic conflict we know it
as today. Kings and princes were replaced on
the battlefield by infantries lead by military
generals. Peasants were recruited to serve on
the front lines. Warfare intensified, especially in
terms of the duration of campaigns. New arms
and armor were invented, including the halberd
and crossbow. Chariots rode alongside archers
outfitted in iron helmets and body armor.
Defensive walls were erected in order to repel
invaders. However, despite the turmoil of the
times, the arts continued to thrive. Bronze
casting was revolutionized by the introduction of
the lost-wax technique, while the alterations of
kiln structures enabled new firing techniques
that resulted in fully developed glazes.
This luxurious wine table, called a Juizhou,
reveals the unrivaled wealth and sophistication
characteristic of the Warring States period in
Chinese history. Surely the value of the gilt
bronze alone suggests that this work was the
treasured possession of a noble or elite member
of the social hierarchy. However, when one
considers the mastery of the artistry, including
the incised decorations, this Juizhou becomes
even more splendid. Originally, the gilt bronze
pieces that survive would have been fitted onto a
wooden table. The frame would fit around the
edges of the table while the legs would have
been inserted into carved slots. Although the
wood has long since decomposed, an
approximation of the original has been recreated
in plastic to hold the pieces in their proper
position. While the frame segments are smooth
and unfinished, the legs, shaped like stylized
horse legs, have been embellished with detailed
incised depictions of dragons along the sides
with abstract and curvilinear motifs adorning the
top and “hooves.” Interestingly, the insides of
the legs have not been gilt, nor the upper half of
the insert tabs.
This gorgeous wine table was discovered buried
inside the tomb of its owner. However, this
Juizhou is more than a symbol of earthly wealth,
for it was meant to be used in the next world.
The early Chinese believed that the afterlife was
an extension of our earthly existence. Thus,
when this work was first forged, it was expected
to last for eternity, as it seemingly has. While
this table hosted many sumptuous wine feasts on
earth, it continued to be used in the heavenly
celebrations and feasts of the afterlife. This
extraordinary Juizhou represents the wealth and
luxury of ancient China, simultaneously
symbolizing their religious and philosophical
beliefs. Today it is a masterpiece of art that
astounds us with its beauty and history alike.
Like a fine wine, the beauty of this table has
been aged to perfection.
- (H.673)
|
